THE METHODS USE IN SILAT OLAHRAGA COMPETITION SEA GAME 2015
Shapie, M.N.M & Saleh, N.E
Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Rekreasi, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to focus the block, kick,
punch and topple techniques used in silat olahraga competition of the 28th SEA
Games Singapore 2015, men’s quaterfinals match class C 60 kg Vietnam vs
Singapore, men’s quarterfinals match class B 55kg, Vietnam vs Singapore, men’s semi-finals
match class C 60kg Vietnam vs Laos, and men’s final match class A 50kg Vietnam
vs Indonesia. All these matches were won by Vietnam players.
In silat can be divided into
two categories which are silat seni and silat olahraga. For this study, silat
olahraga is a main basic of sparing in competition.
There have two table for each matches which are the
first table shows the basic and common techniques used by pesilat during
competition, but for the second table just focuses on the 4 techniques in term
of blocking, kicking, punch and topple and the outcome is hit target, hit
elsewhere, miss opponent will be used to determine the accuracy of how many
successful the technique is good and better from both exponents. Athletes will
be trying to perform as well as possible to achieve maximum or the highest
performance. As an athlete who competed in the competition situation is influenced
by various factors such as physical, technical, tactical, and psychological (Latifah, Rusdiana, Ugelta, Budiman, & Karmini,
2017).
These techniques occur when the two pesilat perform
in a competition. Pesilat can perform their technique of blocking by using hand
while topple can use hand or leg to take down the opponent. For kicking there
have side kick and straight kick and to get the point or score must kick at the
pad which is located from chest to centre. However, the point for topple will
be collected according to the opponent falling down to the ground. The
notational analyses are used to record the all techniques in silat olahraga but
for the exponent just focus on the block, kick, punch, topple hit target, hit
elsewhere and miss opponent.
Keywords: Kicking, martial arts, coaching, performance analysis
Introduction
Silat can be described a form of martial art
practiced throughout the Malay Archipelago. Silat is one of the martial arts
that originated from Indonesia. According
to Shapie, M. N. M. and Elias (2016)
Olahraga means the
ability for silat exponents to perform their silat techniques in combat with
striking and defensive actions such as punching, kicking, throwing, catching,
parrying blocking and the other skill related to the silat techniques. It is
called as a tradition practiced in southern Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam,
Brunei, Philippines and Malaysia. Silat is the Malay art of combat fighting
art. Silat can be divided into two categories or parts which are Silat Martial
Arts and Sports. Sport martial arts are well adjusted to the Philippines. For
the real attack in silat, had an opponent with superior strength can be solved
because in Silat Sports has a several of techniques used in defeating opponent
with a stronger built. In addition, the minimum body movements needed to
maintain the strength of fighters to respond more effectively and better
attacks.
Thus, in the art of Silat Sports, pesilat will
learn special attacks, tactic and defensive techniques. In fact, in self-defence,
what matters is the person's response to the accuracy of one's opponent using
body movements to a minimum level. Other than that, martial arts are the combat
system of traditions and practices, which are made for a variety of reasons
like self-defense, spiritual development, competition, physical health and
fitness, mental and physical (Shapie, M. N. M., Zenal, Parnabas, & Abdullah,
2016).This might help to reduce the amount of energy
consumed and thereby create a more effective and good response. Besides, the
movement such as throw who only use techniques attackers hit when attacking or
defending them. To obtain timely and effective responses to the attacks of the
opponent, pesilat are taught specific techniques that will allow them to
develop his full potential. For the beginner of pesilat, they do not use any
weapons, martial arts practice. Then, they are taught to use special weapons
such as sticks, knives, and other weapons because easy them to learn and know
how to use when using the real weapons (Shapie, M. N. M., 2011).
There have a few ways or basic skill that will
teach for every beginner in martial art in order to know how to make a
different movement and how to control every step or movement when they want to
attack. These basic movements include parrying, pushing, jumping, throwing and
many others. As a result of Silat Olahraga competitions and performances this
form of martial art has spread to the rest of Asia, Europe, and America while
for now national and international competitions include the ASEAN, OPEN and
WORLD Championship.
Material and Method
The data will be analysed based on the video matches
Pencak Silat Tanding Men’s Quaterfinals
match class C 60 kg Vietnam vs Singapore, Men’s Quarterfinals match class B
55kg, Vietnam vs Singapore, Men’s Semi-finals match class C 60kg Vietnam vs
Laos, and Men’s Final match class A 50kg Vietnam vs Indonesia on 28th SEA Games
Singapore 2015. From the first table, there have 13 techniques that usually
used in silat competition, but this analysis more focuses on the specific
skills, which are punching, kicking, blocking, and topple categorized each of
these indicators into hit target, hit elsewhere, and miss opponent. Besides that,
the video will be repeated and play in slow motion to identify the action or
skills made by exponents to get the accurate analyse (Shapie, M. M., Oliver, O’Donoghue, & Tong, 2013). There have a few types of categories that have
been showed below.
·
Block:
The blocking movements will start with the posture position and the exponent
stands straight with the hands around his body or close to his chest. Blocking
also can using arms, elbows and legs with the aim to block off or striking back
at any attack.
·
Kick:
The kick is an attacking movement which is performed with one leg or
both legs simultaneously. It can be front kick, side-kick or semi-circular side
kick. Every kick should be at the front of the body, from the chest to the
centre. Apart from these places, the scores will not count
·
Punch:
The punch attack is done by a hand with a closed fist hitting the
target. In silat, punching is often used to fight the opponent. It can be a
straight punch or uppercut to the exponent body. Basically many exponents use the
straight punch because easy to get the chance and collect the point.
· Topple:
There are various ways of toppling down one’s opponent. Exponents can
push, shove the opponent’s back leg from the bag or from the side, shove, hit,
kick, strike or punch to make the opponent lose his balance. Every fall is considered
valid as long as the pesilat exponent topples his opponent down without
wrestling or he is able to overpower the opponent whom he has brought down.
·
Catch:
The catch is made by using the hand to obstruct the opponent from
carrying out an attack. The fighter or exponents is able to prevent itself from
being attacked by pointing the attack which they have caught to another
direction. A catch which twists or drags the opponent is forbidden.
·
Sweep:
Swiping is involves attacking an opponent's leg which are on the ground
to unstable them and bring down to the ground or floor. A fighter or exponent
can perform this attacking movement for both right or left leg, Hence, for
front sweep is made by swinging the leg to the front to push an opponent’s
front leg, while back sweep is carried out by swinging the leg backward to hit
the back leg.
·
Dodge:
Dodge is the technique to carry out by silat exponent when they tries to
avoid an attack. This technique does not require exponent to touch the
opponent. They are variety ways of carrying out his defensive movement such as
dodging, retreat, evasion to the side, bending, jumping, and ducking.
·
Block and Punch:
The blocking technique is require to block hand or leg attack from the
opponent and followed by counter attack using the hand to punch the opponent
especially punch to hit target.
·
Block and Kick:
The blocking technique is used to block hand and leg attack from the
opponent and followed by counter attack using the leg to kick the opponent
direct to the hit target.
·
Block and Sweep:
The blocking technique is require to block hand and leg attack from the
opponent and followed by counter attack using sweeping technique to the
opponent and make sure the opponent falling down to get the higher score.
·
Fake Punch:
Fake punch used to confuse the opponent using the hand to break the
defensive posture.
·
Fake Kick:
Fake kick used to confuse the opponent using the leg to break the
defensive posture.
·
Self-Release:
Self-release is the technique to unlock any catch from an opponent or
the fighter.
Statistical Analysis
The observation generated data will be frequency
counted. All the raw data collected from the all matches use the system produce
by Shapie at al 2013 statistical analysis was conducted using (SPSS)
Statistical package social science version 21. A descriptive analysis was used
to determine the difference performance between the winner and loser in silat
matches. Both exponents have their own tactical and show the good performance
during competition.
Results
The result has been showed in the table below which
is the first table there have 13 techniques that combine from the winner and
loser while the second table shows the specific skills from the exponents used
such as block, kick, punch, and topple techniques. There have three outcomes
based on the observation from the video matches, which are hit elsewhere, hit
target and miss opponent. All these matches were won by Vietnam.
The first match is men’s quaterfinals class C 60 kg Vietnam vs Singapore
(day 6). Red (Vietnam), Blue (Singapore).
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
3
|
5
|
8
|
|
Block and kick
|
5
|
2
|
7
|
|
Block and punch
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
|
Block and sweep
|
||||
Kick
|
8
|
3
|
6
|
17
|
Fake kick
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
|
Punch
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
9
|
Fake punch
|
||||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
9
|
5
|
14
|
|
Sweep
|
2
|
2
|
||
Catch
|
4
|
4
|
||
Dodge
|
6
|
6
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
34
|
30
|
10
|
74
|
Frequency Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Red (Viet)
|
12
|
14
|
6
|
11
|
43
|
Blue (Sing)
|
7
|
13
|
7
|
3
|
30
|
Mean and Standard deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Red)
Block (Blue)
|
4.00
2.33
|
5.09
1.53
|
Kick (Red)
Kick (Blue)
|
4.66
4.33
|
2.52
4.93
|
Punch (Red)
Punch (Blue)
|
2.00
2.33
|
1.73
3.21
|
Topple (Red)
Topple (Blue)
|
3.66
1.00
|
3.21
1.73
|
The second match is Quaterfinal class B 55kg, Viet vs Sing (day 6).Red (Vie), Blue (Sing)
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
4
|
1
|
5
|
|
Block and kick
|
||||
Block and punch
|
5
|
1
|
6
|
|
Block and sweep
|
1
|
1
|
||
Kick
|
3
|
5
|
1
|
9
|
Fake kick
|
4
|
4
|
||
Punch
|
3
|
5
|
1
|
9
|
Fake punch
|
1
|
1
|
||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
2
|
4
|
2
|
8
|
Sweep
|
2
|
5
|
7
|
|
Catch
|
2
|
2
|
||
Dodge
|
2
|
2
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
16
|
23
|
15
|
54
|
Frequency Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Red (Viet)
|
6
|
9
|
11
|
5
|
31
|
Blue (Sing)
|
6
|
3
|
5
|
3
|
17
|
Mean and Standard
deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Red)
Block (Blue)
|
2.00
2.00
|
2.64
2.23
|
Kick (Red)
Kick (Blue)
|
3.00
1.00
|
3.00
1.00
|
Punch (Red)
Punch (Blue)
|
3.66
1.66
|
2.31
2.08
|
Topple (Red)
Topple (Blue)
|
1.66
1.00
|
2.36
0.71
|
The third match is Semifinal class C 60kg, Laos vs Viet.Red (Laos), Blue (Viet)
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
3
|
3
|
6
|
|
Block and kick
|
2
|
2
|
||
Block and punch
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
Block and sweep
|
1
|
1
|
||
Kick
|
9
|
12
|
8
|
29
|
Fake kick
|
2
|
2
|
||
Punch
|
2
|
7
|
2
|
11
|
Fake punch
|
||||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
4
|
10
|
14
|
|
Sweep
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
Catch
|
6
|
6
|
||
Dodge
|
2
|
2
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
22
|
45
|
14
|
81
|
Frequency Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Red (Laos)
|
5
|
17
|
10
|
4
|
36
|
Blue (Viet)
|
8
|
16
|
5
|
9
|
38
|
Mean and Standard
deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Red)
Block (Blue)
|
1.66
2.66
|
1.31
1.97
|
Kick (Red)
Kick (Blue)
|
5.66
5.33
|
7.23
8.39
|
Punch (Red)
Punch (Blue)
|
3.33
1.66
|
4.16
1.53
|
Topple (Red)
Topple (Blue)
|
1.33
3.00
|
1.89
4.24
|
The fourth match is Final class A 50kg, Viet vs Ind. Red (Ind), Blue (Viet)
Actions
|
Outcome
|
|||
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
Block
|
2
|
2
|
||
Block and kick
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
|
Block and punch
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
|
Block and sweep
|
2
|
2
|
4
|
|
Kick
|
6
|
10
|
4
|
20
|
Fake kick
|
2
|
2
|
||
Punch
|
1
|
4
|
2
|
7
|
Fake punch
|
1
|
1
|
||
Self-release
|
||||
Topple
|
11
|
17
|
1
|
29
|
Sweep
|
1
|
1
|
||
Catch
|
4
|
4
|
||
Dodge
|
5
|
5
|
||
Others
|
||||
Total
|
26
|
45
|
11
|
82
|
Frequency Table:
Exponent
|
Block
|
Kick
|
Punch
|
Topple
|
Total
|
Red (Ind)
|
5
|
9
|
4
|
10
|
28
|
Blue (Viet)
|
8
|
17
|
8
|
19
|
52
|
Mean and Standard deviation:
Action
|
Mean
|
Std. deviation
|
Block (Red)
Block (Blue)
|
1.66
2.66
|
0.84
1.37
|
Kick (Red)
Kick (Blue)
|
3.00
5.66
|
4.64
6.54
|
Punch (Red)
Punch (Blue)
|
1.33
2.66
|
1.78
2.77
|
Topple (Red)
Topple (Blue)
|
3.33
6.33
|
4.72
8.96
|
Discussion
According to the data or result has shown, that the
all matches won by Vietnam. For the first match is men’s quaterfinals class C
60 kg Vietnam vs Singapore. Second match is Semifinals class C 60kg, Viet vs
Laos. Then, the third match is Quarterfinals class B 55kg, Vietnam vs Singapore
and the last match is Final class A 50kg, Vietnam vs Indonesia. Based on my record from the video matches, the total of
frequency table for Vietnam is 43, 31, 38 and 52. This total are comprises from
variety technique such as block, kick, punch and topple. From this result
Vietnam is higher than the other exponents during the competition. In this
match, the fighter or exponents use both upper and lower body part to make a
movement and the
fighter is really good in both at punching and kicking than other
techniques.
For this analysis, the fighter has to developed more strength, power,
agility and cardiovascular fitness to enhance or maintain the performance
level. Each physical fitness component is important to them for developed or
train during training and will perform well during competition. Current study
shows, the fighter mostly used kicking and punching techniques than other that
is because the fighter were good at both techniques to get more score or point
during competition. Usually, the winner uses their tactic and knows how to make
self-defence very well from being attacked and always find the chance to attack
the opponent such as topple down which is the fighter use their leg or hand to
let the opponent falling down to the floor then after that the fighter will get
the point (Shapie, M. N. M. & Elias, 2015).
Refer to frequency of table the first match is Vietnam (red) and
Singapore (blue). The fighter from Vietnam got higher score which is from block
he made 12, kick 14, punch 6 and topple 11. For the second match Vietnam made
block 6 times, kick 9, punch 11 and topple 9. In this match, the fighter used
punch more than kick, topple and block. The third match is Vietnam made block
8, kick 16, punch 5 and topple 9. The pesilat or fighter in this match needs
more strength and power at lower body especially leg to do the faster kick. The
last match is Vietnam made block 8 times, kick 17, punch 8 and topple 19. In
this match, the fighter used topples as their main technique to let the
opponent down and get the higher score.
Conclusion
The conclusion of this study is to determine the
level of method used by the both exponents Silat Olahraga Sea Game 2015 which
one score is higher. For example used block, kick, punch and topple then measured
by hit elsewhere, hit target and miss opponent. The exponents who make the best
technique or use more tactical, will get the higher score and win the
competition. Besides, Pesilat need to improve their fitness level such as
muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance, power, agility, speed to enhance
their performance level. In this study is to observe which techniques are used
more during competition by both fighters. The fewer mistakes they make, the
better result they will get.
However, the exponents should develop more their
strength, power, agility to give the fast attack to the opponent. Based on this
observation, the winner used more kick and topples technique to get the higher
score than the other fighter. Both the exponents used the high intensity action
than low intensity action during the competition because it also help to
contribute to get the highest score rather than low intensity action.
References
Sport Singapore.
(2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class C Semi-finals Laos vs Vietnam
(Day 8); 28th SEA Games Singapore
2015. Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
Sport Singapore.
(2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class B Quaterfinals Vietnam vs Sin
(Day 6); 28th SEA Games Singapore
2015. Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
Sport Singapore.
(2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class A Finals Vietnam vs Indonesia
(Day 9); 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015.
Retrieved at March 19, 2017 from
Sport Singapore.
(2015). Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class C Quaterfinals Vietnam vs Sin
(Day 6); 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015. Retrieved
at March 19, 2017 from
About Author:
This article was submitted by UiTM Netball player an expert of combact sport research. Did you find this article useful? Email: Nurelliza95@gmail.com.
Comments
Post a Comment